Lyme Disease

Tick-borne disease with bull's-eye rash. Spirochete with erythema migrans.

Key facts

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The first-generation Lyme vaccine (LYMErix, 1998) was discontinued due to litigation despite 78% efficacy. Current candidates include VLA15 (recombinant OspA protein, Phase 3) and mRNA-based vaccines (Pfizer/Valneva). Novel approaches target vector transmission: canine and experimental human vaccines induce antibodies that neutralize Borrelia burgdorferi within the tick midgut during blood feeding, potentially blocking transmission at the arthropod level.

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